China–Africa Trade Relations: History, Current Dynamics, and the Road Ahead
China–Africa Trade Relations Over the past two decades, trade and economic relations between China and Africa have grown dramatically. What once was a modest flow of goods has become a complex, multifaceted partnership involving trade, investment, infrastructure, agriculture, technology, and diplomacy. The relationship is often described with aspirational terms: mutual benefit, win‑win cooperation, and shared development. However, beneath the surface lie structural asymmetries, political risks, and tensions over sustainability, equity, and strategic autonomy. This article traces the evolution of China–Africa trade relations, examines where things stand now, assesses both positive outcomes and critiques, and explores potential directions going forward. A Brief Historical Overview China’s engagement with Africa has roots in political solidarity (from the era of anti‑colonialism), but the more robust trade and investment relationship took off in the early 2000s. Key milestones include:...